What is the most underutilized space in most homes? The answer is right under foot, it’s your basement. For many the basement is a damp, musty space, devoid of natural light, disconnected from the rest of the home, useful only for storage. This is unfortunate, because I see the basement as useful lower level living space, and you should too.

Water management:

Moisture is the most common problem found in basements and left unattended can lead to noxious odors, constant frustration, and mold. If water is infiltrating your basement, its time to do some investigation:

1. Clean your gutters and downspouts to make sure they are clear of debris and directing water away from the foundation.

2. Look at the ground around your foundation to make sure it is properly sloping away from the house.

3. Evaluate any wall penetrations like windows, doors, pipes and wires to make sure they are properly flashed and sealed.

4. Check for cracks and movement in your foundation walls.

Before finishing your basement it is critical that the space remain dry, otherwise you are wasting your time and money.

Access:

The basement stair is often utilitarian in nature. Lacking grace or a sense of destination, it acts as a barrier, instead of a connection. Consider replacing the walls that hide your stair with new open railings and architectural details to make it special. Highlight this important connection and you will draw people down into the lower level of your home.

Finish:

If you want to reclaim your basement, treat it with the same creativity and attention to detail as any other space within your home. Select finishes on par with the main level living spaces, and continue architectural details commensurate with the vocabulary of the house. Details like this go along way towards turning your basement into lower level living space.

Creativity is also important. Undoubtedly there will be things like pipes, ducts and utilities that must be dealt with and concealed. Instead of impediments, consider them opportunities for design. Sculpt bumps in the wall to make an architectural niche; transform unsightly bulkheads into custom ceiling features. Clever details like this will make your space unique.

Light:

Large windows flood a space with light. Unfortunately, your basement sits partially if not mostly under ground, and the installation of large windows may be impractical. If your basement lacks natural daylight, don’t skimp on lighting. Installing dimmer and scene selector controls will give you flexibility to manage light levels and set the desired mood for your lower living spaces.

In most homes, a finished lower level can increase the usable square footage of the home by more than 25%, and at a fraction of the cost for a new addition. This is but another way to reclaim underutilized space within your small home, adding space without adding space.

With the economy in recovery, homeowner confidence is returning and we are seeing a marked increase in remodeling activity. But many homeowners are surprised to find that, even with excellent credit scores and solid incomes, financing options for a major remodeling project are much more limited now. Before the recession, lenders routinely approved loans based upon the projected value of what a home would be worth after remodeling. No more; that lending practice is dead and not likely to return soon. The new reality is that lenders will not loan against the future value of your home. For most of us, that leaves the Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC) as the only viable financing vehicle for home improvement projects. So here are a few tips on how to navigate the HELOC process. 1. Shop carefully for the best lender: The amount of equity you can tap is restricted by the lending institution’s Loan to Value ratio (LTV). Most lenders today work with an 80% LTV; meaning the maximum amount of total debt you may secure with your home is limited to 80% of your home’s appraised value. But Federal Credit Unions often have more attractive terms. Recently some of our clients have secured loans with a 90% LTV by joining a Federal Credit Union. Don’t assume that you can’t join; you may be surprised to learn how easy it is to qualify for membership. 2. Put your home’s best face forward: Appraisers are human and subject to the same emotions as the rest of us; they will reward a well kept home with a higher appraised value. Prepare your home as though you were having an open house to sell it. Remember the three “P” rule: pick-up, put away, and primp. A neat home seems larger and gives the impression of being well maintained. And don’t’ forget the yard – a good cleanup and mulching will go a long way! 3. Brief the appraiser: Meet the appraiser personally and tell him how much you think your house is worth and why. You know the quirks of your home and your neighborhood better than they do. Don’t be shy, but don’t be aggressive; just let them know what your research suggests. 4. Help the appraiser: If you have plans of the house, make a copy for the appraiser. At the least, have a copy of your survey plat available. If you know when your home was built, tell them. Make a list of improvements you’ve made since you purchased the house (descriptions only – not dollars). 5. Challenge the appraisal: If you don’t agree with the appraisal, speak up. Don’t bother if it is a small amount, but if it is significant you should contact your lender and ask how to challenge the appraisal. 6. Phase your renovation: Many of our clients use a strategy I call the Equity Bump. Essentially, this means focusing first on projects that will have a disproportionate impact on the value of the home relative to the value invested. Then the home will re-appraise for more and you can borrow against that increased equity for the next project. 7. Repeat as necessary. I am not an expert in financing, but I deal with it everyday on behalf of my clients. Let me know if you would like to have a more in-depth discussion of financing options. I’m glad to help if I can.

Beginning a new design is thrilling for me; meeting my new clients, learning about the quirks of their particular house, realizing that I can help them.  For me, there is always a rush that is like....well, like new love.  Sure, that may be a little over the top.  But only a little.

The funny thing is that even after twenty five years, I never really know where the design will take me until I'm in the thick of it.  It's as though I sit down to sketch and the ideas just flow from the tip of the pen itself.  Its a bit of alchemy -- the ingredients are science, technology pshychology, philosphy and art, all mixing together to create architecture if the stars align just right.

That's not to say there is no method to it, for there is.  As you might expect, I begin by learning all about my clients and how they experience the house, both  inside and out.  Then my team always prepares a set of measured drawings of the house as it is.  But the magic doesn't really begin for me until I study those drawings.  Oddly, my mind seems more free to roam through the "virtual" house than it does the actual physical structure.

 And that's when it gets truly exiting for me.  Once the house is loaded into my "mind's eye" I can explore and wander in ways that I can never in the real world.  I can walk through walls.  Heck, I can pick up the walls and fling them around.  I can see the house as it is and as it might be, all at once. 

It's like having 3-D X-ray; I can visualize the entire frame of the house as though it were a skeleton beneath a skin of plaster.  I can see exactly why the house isn't working for it's owners and what strategic moves will radically improve it.  And I know then, how to surgically alter the house; where to open new views, where to bring in light, and where to add or subtract space. 

It's intoxicating and it's satisfying -- like love!

#2 IN AN OCCASIONAL SERIES

Well, I was up on the roof of that 1960's contemporary in Chevy Chase, MD again yesterday, and the problem is MUCH worse than I imagined.  In addition to water vapor questions, we now know that the roof is actively leaking at every skylight (there are ten) and at the chimney.

In every case, the problem is faulty "flashing" - the material (aluminum, copper or bituminous membrane) used to protect joints between the main roofing material and the various items that pass through the roof.  Now, I've seen a lot of roof problems over the years, but this beats them all, hands down. 

We cut test holes into the flashings and water just poured out.  Not a little trickle, but like when someone cuts an artery; the water spurted-out in streams.  In twenty five years as a residential architect, I've never seen such a total failure of roof flashing. 

This bears a quick note about flashing; in all roofing systems, flashing is inherently the the most vulnerable link because it manages the joint where the main roofing material is interrupted by something else -- like skylights, pipes, chimneys, etc.  Roofs rarely leak in the main body of the roof, but more often leak at these joints, where flashing is the primary defence.  Faulty flashing = leaky roof. 

And a word in defense of skylights:  to paraphrase the NRA, "Skylights don't leak on people -- People (installing bad flashing) leak on people".  Most modern skylights are so water-tight you could use one for a boat.  And properly designed and installed flashing WILL NOT LEAK.   So don't shy away from skylights; but DO invest in quality and make sure a true professional is in charge of specifying and supervising the installation.

Final thoughts... Do not hire a roofing contractor just because a friend had a good experience with them.  That's just putting your fate in the law of averages - and sometimes you'll wind up on the wrong side of that average.

Our client - a single female professional - purchased an old rambler on a hillside lot overlooking the Potomac River; but the house practically ignored the landscape. It made no attempt to take advantage of the extraordinary site - in fact this house could have been in a subdivision just about anywhere.

In expanding and re-considering the design of this home, we took the opportunity to create a cottage that reaches out into the landscape and enfolds the homeowner in nature. Ample windows and/or doors on at least two sides of each room provide panoramic views at every turn, while the mass of the house is broken-down into smaller components, ensuring that the house is "of" the hill rather than on it. It is a magical thing to float above the azaleas, among the trees.

Before & After:

THEY DON'T BUILD THEM LIKE THAT ANYMORE!

I love that phrase.  It usually escapes from a new client, when we are touring another client's just-finished renovation.   Sometimes we're admiring an exquisitely crafted stair railing or mantelpiece.  Or it might be a lovely paneled portal or a fabulous cast iron grille.  My personal favorite was a pocket-screen-door, that disappeared into the wall, next to a front door.  In each case, my new client pauses and looks wistfully at some such detail and observes "They don't build them like that anymore."  It's the sort of detail that they don't expect to find in today's construction... except we've just built it!

 

That's one of the most satisfying moments for me.  I'm always so proud of our carpenters and architects, for refusing to give in to the myth that true craftsmanship is not achievable today; there's simply no reason why that should be so.  Instead, I'd argue that given the enormous technological advances of our time, homeowners should expect new renovations and additions to be both designed and constructed better than an older home.